Login Needed

You are seeing just the abstract of the chapter because you are not logged in.

To view the entire book, please log in/register.

Account Expired

The APIC Text Online is a subscription-based online platform. Our records do not indicate that you have a current subscription. To obtain or restore access to the APIC Text Online, please register or renew your subscription.

Please contact text@apic.org with any questions.

Stephanie Stroever, PhD, MPH

Associate Director of Research and Innovation, Surgery

Nuvance Health

Department of Research and Innovation

Danbury, CT

Stephanie Stroever reports no potential conflicts of interest.

Login Needed

Account Expired

Auto-login

Session Expiring...

Session Expired

Session Kicked Out

Kicked Self Out

Security Token Invalid