Radiology departments, whether hospital-based or freestanding, encompass a wide range of specialized procedures and accommodate large, diverse patient populations. Advances in medical technology have paved the way for increasingly complex services involving both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Infection risks are patient- or procedure-related and range in severity from minimal with procedures performed on intact skin to high with invasive procedures. This creates unique challenges for the infection preventionist, who must assess the variety and scope of services provided by the radiology department.