Sterile processing is the area responsible for reprocessing instrumentation and other reusable medical devices. The process involves handling, collecting, transporting, sorting, disassembling, cleaning, disinfecting, inspecting, packaging, sterilizing, storing, and distributing reprocessed items. The goal is to provide safe, functional, and sterile instruments and medical devices and reduce the risk for healthcare-associated infections. This chapter surveys the numerous processes that take place in sterile processing as well as relevant resources, recommended practices, guidelines, and industry standards.