The face of healthcare-associated fungal infection is changing. Candidaspp. continue to play a significant role, with high associated morbidity and mortality; however, non-albicans Candidaspp. are increasing in incidence, as are opportunistic molds and other unusual fungal pathogens.

The diagnosis of fungal pathogens has also undergone a major shift. New antigen and antibody tests, as well as rapid diagnostic polymerase chain reaction tests, are increasingly used.

Finally, the options for antifungal therapy are much broader. Newer azoles and echinocandins have proven as efficacious as traditional agents like amphotericin B, but with improved side effect profiles.